Continuous Business Improvement Systematic Busines Approach

Question: Describe about the Continuous Business Improvement for Systematic Busines Approach. Answer: Introduction Construction industry is one of the major industries that require a systematic approach to its various functions. The engineering and construction domain is one of the major industries that require a clear framework to follow in order to thrive. From what can be noticed, it is clear that since the last two centuries, the engineering and construction domain has worked from a functional point of view. In such a framework, it is quite natural for all the departments to carry on their functions as defined. However, as a result of this system, it can be seen that the various disciplines within the organization works on its own without thinking of what goes on in the other departments. Also, there is not much thought about how the activities of one discipline fit into the other. As a result, there is a communication gap between the various departments of the organization. The various professions and organizations of the project thus have an adversarial effect on each other. In such a struc ture, the focus on the customer is ultimately clouded and the entire outcome of any product is ultimately undermined. Improving construction processes In the construction industry, the key to improving productivity is moving away from the functional thinking and laying stress on the production based philosophy that is commonly seen in the production industry. The key to achieving the goal of productivity is in fact an improvement in the construction process. In such a case, the aim should be to achieve a system that focuses on processes and achieve the goal of a process based organization (Adamson and Pollington, 2006). The construction managers need to shift their focus from the traditional systems. The traditional systems on this field is generally task oriented where each of the participant is assigned a particular task and the person carries out the task without thinking of how it fits into the role. However, the managers need to focus on how the tasks interact with each other. There should also be an idea of how each of the tasks interacts with the client. The focus on the process can thus be an effective means of reducing the communication gap with the client. The concentration on the goal can be an effective means of realigning the behaviors and the practices of the team leaders of the various disciplines(Bakerjian, 1993). As a result, the team leaders work more in a coordinated manner that would help the organization achieve the desired results. As the leaders have a common goal, they can all work towards the achievement of that goal. As a result, the actions of one team leader would not contradict that of the other. The process thinking method is also effective owing to the current market scenario. It is because of the changing nature of the customer needs and demands that there is a wide range of possibilities in the manufacturing process(Bennett, 2016). It is because of this that the task oriented function has become outdated. The task oriented process makes the workers function in a particular manner. In such a case, the organization would not be able to deliver what the client demands unless and until there is a process system for continuous improvement. Transferring good practices One of the key factors to continuous improvement is the transfer of good practices. The transfer of good practices across the organization is essential to the growth of the organization as without the transfer of these practices, the implementation of any practice would be essentially worthless(Concept of Value Engineering in Construction Industry, 2016). In such a case, a project based organization, like a construction company, should focus on a system of learning which would provide the company with the means for the flow of the information within the organization. From what we have understood till now, it is quite evident that the various departments within the company need to work in a coordinated manner in order to ensure a smooth productivity(Daniel, 2015). As a result, it is extremely important to facilitate a transfer of good practices within all the departments. This not only adds to the uniformity to the overall process but also ensures that the entire process is a producti ve one. Core, Support and Management Processes In order to facilitate the process management system, there must be an understanding of the core, support and management processes. The first thing that needs to be understood here is the core management process. The core management process is the one that directly adds value to the products. In such a manner, the customer can perceive the actual value of the products and as a result, the company gets benefitted. Understanding the core process can help add value to the production and facilitate a process of improvement(Fischer, 2006). The support processes again are important in the overall improvement of the organization and the productivity. The support process provides a suitable environment for the business to grow. As a result, the improvement in the overall productivity is guaranteed. The construction industry lays most of the stress on the management process. It is the management process that has an effect on the productivity of the organization. Stepwise Improvements An improvement process is not a simple one. An organization must follow various steps before I transforms into one that is continuously improving. The organization is not a static that has the same form since its inception till the end. The improvement is one of the processes that follow some steps before the improvement can become a part of the organizations operations. In the first step, the organization is chaotic in nature. The organization may be big or small but one thing is common irrespective of its size. The fact that the organization does not have a clear sense of direction can be clearly seen in the organization(Laughlin, Shockley and Wilson, 2003). It is because of this that project visibility and predictability are poor. Good project practices are local, and are not repeated or institutionalized across the company. Ineffective planning and co-ordination undermine good practices. Organizations make commitments that staff or the supply chain cannot meet(Honey, 1997). This results in a series of crises. During a crisis, projects typically abandon planned procedures; instead, individuals do whatever activities it takes to get the job done, with little regard for the effects on other people. In construction, 17 time and cost schedules are often under tight control. Hence the crisis often leads to compromises on quality. The second step proceeds to give the organization a certain sense of direction and project predictability. At this step, the organization has established policies and procedures for managing the major project-based processes(LePatner, Jacobson and Wright, 2007). The policies and procedures are sorted from their earlier projects. The organization clearly chalks out which of its earlier plans have been successful and applies them to the other projects as well. As a result, the company has an idea of what plans to use even before the project starts. As a result, there is a continuous improvement in the productivity. This is because the organizations have already located their key selling points and how to utilize them for future purposes(Peace, 2010). As a result, they have the ability to make a plan of action that would be conducive to their product. It is because of this that the second stage is so important. As they companies have an idea of their line of action, the managers make re alistic commitments to the clients and supply chain. It is because the company now has an experience from their past projects. If the experiences are properly utilized, the organization can benefit from those measures. Managers track quality and functionality on site as well as time and costs. Also, the problems can be tracked and dealt with as they arise. It is because of this that the project standards are maintained throughout the functioning of the project as well as the development and planning of the future projects. The third step is the sharing of good and conducive practices that would help the organization work smoothly. After the guidelines have been set, it is important to locate where the key strengths lie. The location of the key strengths helps the organization(Ross, 2003). After the key strengths have been located, the organization can then work towards a learning oriented system where the practices that have proved to be beneficial to the company are propagated. As a result, the good practices are evenly present throughout the organization. The good practices not only help the organization benefit from one way. There is also coordination among all the members in a manner where the organization is benefitted by the mutual understanding among the various members in all the departments(Sarkar, 2011). For this to happen, the organization must at this stage, work towards the formation of a uniform code of conduct. The code of conduct can then be followed by the members of the organization f or the uniform growth in all departments and an overall improvement of the organization. The fourth step in the improvement of the organization is the objective measurement of the processes and product. This is achieved after the guidelines for acceptable behavior has been set. The process of improvement here makes it sure that the various products are being manufactured at the desired quality. The products can then be considered to be of a fixed benchmark. The objective measurement thus takes note of not only the products but also the quality of the process and the supply chain management(Sloan and Sloan, 2011). An improvement in all the three spheres ensures that the overall process is up to the mark. The overall improvement of any organization depends on these three factors. As a result, the development in the three spheres fuels the development in the organizations overall sphere. The final step in an organizations development process is one where we can say that the organization has matured. It is this stage where the organizations begin the process of continuous improvement. After all the steps have been accomplished, the organization goes into a system where all the processes are aligned. However, there still needs to be more and more improvement with the changing scenarios in the socio economic and other environments where the business operates. As a result, the organization is in a process of continuous improvement(Uff, 2009). However, the organization knows how to tackle the various problems and set a clear pathway for the various functions. It is because of this that the organization goes into a system of continuous improvement. Conclusion An organization needs to improve in order to survive. The engineering and construction field is one of the most dynamic industries that are subject to an environment that is constantly changing. Continuous improvement is mandatory if it needs to survive. The industry is also a competitive one and hence it needs to stay ahead of its competitors. However, there needs to be certain guidelines based on which the organization needs to go ahead. It is because of this that there needs to be a plan of continuous improvement. The organization must at first operate and locate its key points. After that, it should use its experience to locate the problems and solutions. As soon as it achieves this, it goes into a process of continuous improvement. References Adamson, D. and Pollington, T. (2006).Change in the construction industry. London: Routledge. Bakerjian, R. (1993).Continuous improvement. Dearborn, MI: Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Bennett, S. (2016). Continuous Improvement in Continuous Quality Control.Clinical Chemistry, 62(10), pp.1299-1301. Concept of Value Engineering in Construction Industry. (2016).IJSR, 5(4), pp.1231-1237. Daniel, L. (2015). Safety Leadership Defined within the Australian Construction Industry.AJCEB, 15(4), p.1. Fischer, R. (2006). Continuous improvement.SPIE Professional. Honey, P. (1997).Questionnaires for 360 ?feedback. Maidenhead: P. Honey. Laughlin, S., Shockley, D. and Wilson, R. (2003).The library's continuous improvement fieldbook. Chicago: American Library Association. LePatner, B., Jacobson, T. and Wright, R. (2007).Broken buildings, busted budgets. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Peace, S. (2010). Innovating a global industry.Construction Innovation, 10(4). Ross, W. (2003).Continuous improvement. Cirencester: Management Books 2000. Sarkar, D. (2011). Eight deadly faux pas of continuous improvement.Performance Improvement, 50(8), pp.5-8. Sloan, K. and Sloan, T. (2011). Dispersion of continuous improvement and its impact on continuous improvement.International Journal of Technology Management, 55(1/2), p.43. Uff, J. (2009).Construction law. London: Sweet Maxwell.

Key Factors in Success and Failure of Small Businesses in Australia

Question: Write an essay on "Key Factors in Success and Failure of Small Businesses in Australia". Answer: Introduction: A small business defines a business that has less than 20 employees in a non-manufacturing industry. The significance of small business is extremely high regardless on the economy. Over the years, small business has played a critical role in the society and economy development. Australia also is not an exception, as it has been an instrumental for the Australian society development. However, as the competition is increasing in the market, small businesses are facing lot of challenges in order to survive in the market successfully. Especially in Australia, this has emerged as a major issue of the economy as many small businesses have to shut down due to extremely competition in the market. Therefore, the study will focus on the key factors that have the potential to affect a small business. In this study, an in-depth analysis will be conducted so that it can able to provide recommendation on how the key factors can be managed so that small business can able to maintain its sustainabil ity in the market. Research Aim: The prime aim of the research is to identify the major factors related to small business in Australia in order to recommend the best possible way for handling the issue. Research objectives: The objectives of research are as follows: To identify the prime factors that can have positive impact on the small businesses in Australia. To identify the factors that can have major adverse impact on the sustainability of small businesses in Australia To evaluate the kind of impact small business can have on the Australian economy To identify the best possible way for handling small businesses in Australia Literature review: Background of the study: Introduction: As per the article by Kotey (2016), small businesses are one of the prime determinate to both local and national economies. Since, it has the potential to provide employment opportunity for the public community. The article also highlighted that small businesses are often found to adjust quickly at the time of economic downfall. Bloch Bhattacharya (2016) mentioned that small business are mostly customer centric and do not really depends on large businesses and political sources to gain sufficient amount of revenue level. Even on the economic downfall, customers still purchases products and services from the small business. As a result, it helps the small businesses to remain afloat in tough times that will lead to have an immense impact on the economies of the local community. Impact of small businesses: According to Kotey Sorensen (2014), small business also plays a key role in helping the larger business. As it has the potential to assists, larger companies in the areas that they are might not have specialization. Therefore, the study highlighted that small business plays a key role in overall business development of the society. On the other hand, Hatten (2015) mentioned that small businesses and large businesses also have a great partnership. Since, growth in the small business can able to provide large business innovative ideas about the product and services especially for the niche market. In addition, employment in the small business allows people to gain knowledge and skills relating to any particular skill that eventually helps the economy to grow as a whole. Factors effecting small businesses: As per the article by Stubbs (2014) factors affecting small business can be categorized into two groups namely internal factors and external factors. The article highlighted that internal factors of small business includes motivation level of the employees towards the work. The article mentioned that, employee motivation is a key for the success of the business. Since, small businesses run with very limited number of employees. It is very important for the small business that they give their best at the workplace so that the small business can able to remain competitive in the market. On the other hand, external factors of small business include the competition in the market. The article highlighted that evolution of e-commerce has also made it very tuff for the small businesses to survive in the market. As e-commerce allows large businesses to enter in the all the community of the economy, small businesses are finding it very tuff to cope up with the market challenges (Holmes Gupta , 2015). As a result, many small businesses have failed to survive in the market. Furthermore, technological evaluation has influenced organizations to invent new products and services on a regular basis. This leads to high quality and cheaper substitute product of a small business. On the other hand, small business generally does not have alternative business options. Therefore, it had to face immense challenges in order to remain competitive in the market. As per the article by Longenecker et al. (2013), small business has the capacity to create a huge amount of positive impact on any economy. However, it does require few helps from the government at the initial stage of the business. In fact, the article mentioned that government has to be very careful regarding the kind of support they are providing to the success of the small business. Geljic, Koustas Burke (2016) mentioned that the prime objective of government intervention is to provide relevant business information to the small business and also have to facilitate access to avenues so that small business can able to conduct its business effectively. In addition, it has often found that small businesses have limited resource, time and financial capacity to conduct their operations. Therefore, they often do not consider for expert advice regarding its business processes that eventually create a huge amount of negative impact on the success of the organization. Therefore, it highli ghted the importance of government intervention regarding the success of the small business, as it can provide a bridge for the information gap for the small businesses. In addition, the article also mentioned that small business is highly depended on the rules and regulations imposed by the government of a particular economy. Since, it play a major role in deciding the way that the small business will adapt in order to compete with the large scale businesses. As per the article by Bean (2015), startup capital is a major factor that can affect the success of a small business. Since, lack of funds can influence small businesses to borrow excessively. As a result, the small businesses become insolvent, as the liabilities are become higher than their present level of asset. Connolly, La Cava Read (2015) mentioned that the role of financial institutions is to provide the flow of funds from surplus spending units of individual to the units of deficit spending. It is also called as a money market. The article mentioned that the money market reaches its equilibrium where demand and supply for money are equals. The article also highlighted that for small businesses, money plays a key role, as it allows firms to acquire additional capital from the capital market so that it can able to maximize its return. Literature gap: From the above discussion, it can be asses that several factors have the potential to create adverse impact on the path of small businesses. It also highlighted that the challenges can be both internal and external. The above discussion also mentioned that government also has key role in the development of small businesses. Therefore, the focus of the study will be to identify all the prime factors that are affecting the small businesses of Australia. Since, many articles have reviewed that small businesses have to face greater number of challenges in Australia. The study will focus on analyzing all the factors in such a way so that it can able to suggest some recommendations on the development of small businesses in Australian economy. Research questions: The research questions of the study are as follows: What are the prime factors that can create positive impact on the path of small business in Australia? Which factors can create negative impact on the sustainability of the small business in Australia? What extent small businesses can create positive impact on the Australian economy? What is the best possible way to manage all the key factors related to small businesses so that it can have maximum amount of impact on the Australian economy? Research methodology: According to Flick (2015), research methodology is one of the most important factors for conducting any research study effectively. Research methodology consists of many techniques and tools that help the researcher to evaluate all the factors of the research topic effectively. It also assists the researcher so that the research can able to fulfill the objective of the study. Thus, research methodology selection is a very important part of implementing any research. Firstly, the researcher will consider about the selection of research design. Normally, design of the research divided under three categories exploratory design, explanatory design and descriptive design. In this research topic, the researcher will consider exploratory research design. The researcher will consider implementing exploratory research design as it would assist to explore different perspective of the research study. In addition, exploratory research design assists the researcher to have an in-depth knowledge a bout the research topic, which eventually will help the study to fulfill all its expectation. Figure 1: Research design (Source: Taylor, Bogdan DeVault, 2015) On the other hand, the topic small business in Australia is extremely vast topic. Therefore, the researcher will consider both qualitative and quantitative research method for the research topic. The researcher will select both qualitative and quantitative research method, as it will help to the researcher to identify the trend of the outcome as well as will provide different perspectives relating to the research topic of small business in Australia. Furthermore, the researcher will select both qualitative and quantitative research method, as it will help the researcher to interpret the gather information in a much more effective way. Panneerselvam (2014) mentioned that research approach is another significant factor regarding successful completion of any research topic. Research approach has two parts such as inductive and deductive research approach. For the particular study, the research will consider inductive approach so that the research topic can be evaluated in an effective way. Furthermore, inductive research approach will allow the research to utilize many concepts and theories relevant to small business in Australia. The research will also implement inductive research approach so that it can able to gain knowledge about different perspectives of Australian small business. The researcher will implement this approach by including three factors such as pattern, theory and observation. The researcher will perform these factors so that the research study can able to achieve its objective. In addition, another advantage of selecting inductive approach is it will help to develop a data oriented research study. Figure 2: Research approach (Source: Blumberg, Cooper Schindler, 2014) Research process description: Since, the prime objective of the research study is to identify and analyze different factors that are creating impact on the small businesses in Australia. Therefore, the researcher will follow a systematic process so that the study can able to cover all factors effectively. Furthermore, implementation of systematic procedure will also help the researcher to complete the study within the provided timeframe. In the first step, the researcher will try to identify major areas relating to the small business in Australia. In the second step, the researcher will formulate objectives and aims of the study, as it will assist the researcher to construct primary questions of the study. In the third step, focus will be on the literature review. In this set, the researcher will evaluate different concepts and theories regarding to the small business in Australia. This part is very important for the completion of the research study, as it will assist the researcher to increase the significance o f the research study. In fourth step, data collection method will performed by the researcher. The data collection method will provide practicality to the research topic of key factors affecting small businesses in Australia. In fifth step, the research will implement different data analysis techniques so that the study can able to depict the actual factors that are affecting Australian small business. In the final step, the researcher will compile the entire research work in an effective manner so that the research study can able to conclude. Figure 4: Research process (Source: Gast Ledford, 2014) Data collection and data analysis technique: Data collection: Neuman Robson (2012) highlighted that data collection is arguably the most important part of any research study. Since, the success of any study is highly depended on the data collection procedure. Now, small business in Australia is vast topic. Therefore, the research will utilize both primary and secondary data collection method. The research will collect secondary information from different websites, online portals, business magazines, trusted websites and other online sources. On the other hand, the researcher will focus on the primary data collection method so that the study can able to describe the actual situation of Australia regarding the maintenance of small business. The researcher will formulate questionnaires for the primary data collection purpose. The researcher will also include both qualitative and quantitative questions in the questionnaire so that it can able to provide both trend and in-depth information about the Australian small business. The researcher will se lect 125 personnel from different small size organizations in Australia for primary data collection purpose. The researcher will utilize online communication platform and also face-to-face communication process for the primary data collection purpose. Figure 5: Data collection method; Source: Tuohy et al., 2013) Data analysis techniques: For the implementation of data analysis technique, the research will consider to implement sampling method. Generally, sampling method divided into two parts non-probability sampling and probability sampling (Anfara Jr Mertz, 2014). To analyze different factors related to small business in Australia, the research will implement non-probability technique. Since, it will help the researcher to gather primary data in an effective way. As the researcher is looking to implement quantitative method, it will help to implement different statistical method for the analysis of several factors related to the Australian business. In this research study, the researcher will implement statistical intervention like mode, mean and median to analyze the quantitative information. Furthermore, the researcher will focus on the graphical representation for representing the quantitative data so that the outcome of the study can be understand easily. In addition, as the researcher is also utilizing qualit ative data for the evaluation of different factors of small business in Australia. Therefore, the researcher will implement additional statistical intervention method such as regression, correlation and probability distribution for this particular study. Figure 6: Sampling method (Source: Salaberry Comajoan, 2013) Expected outcomes of the research: From the above discussion, it is expected that the researcher will able to cover all the aspects of the Australian small business in an effective way. As the researcher focuses on the literature review portion, it will help to enhance the significance of the study. In addition, literature review portion will also help the researcher to increase the knowledge about Australian small business atmosphere. Furthermore, the systematic procedure will assist the researcher to cover all the factors related to small businesses in Australia. Therefore, it is expected that the researcher will effectively identify all the factors related to the research topic. Therefore, it will also help the researcher collect primary data in an effective way. Again, as the researcher implementing several statistical interventions, it is expected that the study will able to identify the exact factors that are creating positive impact on the Australia small business and also the exact factors that are creating ne gative impact on the small businesses in Australia. Contribution of the research: As mentioned earlier, the major focus of the research is to evaluate all the factors related to small business in Australia. Therefore, the outcome of study has the potential to improve the present condition of the small businesses in Australia. In addition, it has the potential to contribute regarding the enhancement of the knowledge about the small business practices. Furthermore, the outcome of the research can contribute significantly for the development of the government strategy regarding the protection of the small businesses in Australia. Conclusion: From the above discussion, it can be observed that small businesses can have major impact on the development of the economy. Therefore, Australia will have to be extremely careful about the management of small businesses. Thus, it highlighted the significance of the study, as it has the potential to identify the major factors related to small businesses. Project plan: Figure 3: Gantt chart (Source: As created by the author) References: Anfara Jr, V. A., Mertz, N. T. (Eds.). (2014).Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. Sage Publications. Bean, J. (2015).Big Government and Affirmative Action: The Scandalous History of the Small Business Administration. University Press of Kentucky. Bloch, H., Bhattacharya, M. (2016). Promotion of Innovation and Job Growth in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Australia: Evidence and Policy Issues.Australian Economic Review,49(2), 192-199. Blumberg, B. F., Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S. (2014).Business research methods. McGraw-hill education. Connolly, E., La Cava, G., Read, M. (2015). Small Business Finance. InHousing Prices and Entrepreneurship: Evidence for the Housing Collateral Channel in Australia, Proceedings of a Conference, Reserve Bank of Australia, Sydney. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Gast, D. L., Ledford, J. R. (2014).Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge. Geljic, S., Koustas, H., Burke, D. (2016). Small business restructure roll-over.Taxation in Australia,50(7), 404. Hatten, T. S. (2015).Small business management: Entrepreneurship and beyond. Nelson Education. Holmes, S., Gupta, D. (2015). Opening Aladdin's Cave: Unpacking the Factors Impacting on Small Businesses. InRBA Annual Conference Volume. Reserve Bank of Australia. Kotey, B. (2016). Enablers and Barriers to Exit of Regional Small Business Owners in Australia.Australian Geographer,47(2), 195-214. Kotey, B., Sorensen, A. (2014). BARRIERS TO SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION IN RURAL AUSTRALIA.Australasian Journal of Regional Studies,20(3), 405. Longenecker, J., Petty, J., Palich, L., Hoy, F. (2013).Small business management. Nelson Education. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Neuman, W. L., Robson, K. (2012). Basics of social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Salaberry, M. R., Comajoan, L. (Eds.). (2013).Research design and methodology in studies on L2 tense and aspect(Vol. 2). Walter de Gruyter. Stubbs, W. (2014). Investigation of emerging sustainable business models: the case of B Corps in Australia.Available at SSRN 2464758. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Tuohy, D., Cooney, A., Dowling, M., Murphy, K., Sixsmith, J. (2013). An overview of interpretive phenomenology as a research methodology.Nurse Researcher,20(6), 17-20.

Sample Compare and Contrast Essay - How to Write a Competitive Sample Compare and Contrast Essay

Sample Compare and Contrast Essay - How to Write a Competitive Sample Compare and Contrast EssayWhen it comes to writing a sample compare and contrast essay for a high school class, it's very important that you follow some basic guidelines. This article is going to give you some tips to help you make sure that your essay has the right level of competitiveness.First of all, your essay needs to be directly related to the assignment given to you. For example, if you're writing an essay about anatomy, you can't use examples of things like poison ivy, chicken pox, or strep throat. You should use things that are commonly related to the topic of your essay.Don't try to make your topic too esoteric. Also, don't use a lot of unusual words. The term 'bat wing'demon wings' are not normally seen in the context of your subject. If you feel that you need to use an uncommon word, don't.Research and find a few good sources. Even if you don't use a sample compare and contrast essay as a reference, it will certainly be helpful for you if you can find a few examples that are related to your topic. Remember that all of these examples must be relatively recent, as most people will notice the same information if they are presented with two or more different pieces of information.Make sure that your essay is thorough. Many people think that being thorough means that you can devote two pages of your essay to a single sentence. However, being too thorough can actually make your paper much less interesting. You will find that it is much better to be brief, yet informative.Make sure that your specific details match the general information you have provided. For example, if you write that your essay contains information on the 'neo-liberal policies adopted by the Bush administration,' you might want to spell out the specifics of this particular policy in your essay. On the other hand, if you do not use the exact same terminology, it can get confusing for the reader.These tips are fairly c ommon sense. The most important thing is to follow them and your sample compare and contrast essay for a high school class will have the right level of competitiveness.

Annotated Bibliography Formatting and Style

Annotated Bibliography: An Overview So what is an annotated bibliography? In simple terms, an annotated bibliography APA or an annotated bibliography MLA is a bibliography that contains annotations. Annotations may include a critique of the author you have cited, a summary of their work, and the factuality of the source plus a discussion on whether the content is essential to your research. An annotated bibliography is vital to students as it helps them perfect some of their academic skills. Since you are required to provide a summary of the work you used as a source, it forces you to go through the entire journal, article or essay to have a clue of what you are writing about. It improves your knowledge this way. The information you put in also needs to be evaluated to know if it is credible. Your analytical skills improve by doing this often. Look for information that is useful for your assignment to be sensible. Your research skills also get refined as you are required to look for information from various sources, no t only the ones you find online but also books in the library. An APA annotated bibliography or an MLA annotated bibliography is also a time saver when it comes to assignments. It is easier to remember sources if you only cite two or three of them. Conducting thorough research goes a long way in improving the quality of your assignment. It is advisable to write down all the sources you think you will need in writing your annotated bibliography MLA or annotated bibliography APA. Some of the things to jot down include the author's credibility, arguments, your opinion on the usefulness of the author in your research, quotes and points to include in your paper, and the initial ideas of the source. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography Annotated bibliographies differ in writing, some contain informative annotations while others only include a primary summary. However, there is an annotated bibliography maker that some websites provide. Most MLA or APA bibliography format annotations, however, contain a variety of elements, and the number of words also differs. Depending on your tutor's preferences, you may be asked to write either an APA annotated bibliography or an MLA annotated bibliography. The next step is to summarize the main ideas that the author has. It is so that someone else can read it and be able to grasp what it is about entirely. Do not be biased and let your feelings towards the source show in your writing, be objective in what you say. After that, evaluate the author and tell the reader how the source fits into your research paper. Ask yourself some questions to come up with a compelling critique on the same. But for those who are only practicing writing annotated bibliography, small bits make it mo re straightforward. Examples of APA Annotated Bibliography and MLA Annotated Bibliography Writing your annotated bibliography example in either MLA or APA bibliography format is the most common. They do not have significant differences, but we shall look at both of them to get it. APA Style Bernard, K. (2007). Child poverty: The Impact and Evolution of child benefits. In Catherine, K., Howard, P. C. (Els), (pp. 21-44). Kevin Bernard bases his study on a widely published policy analysis plus documents of the government in explaining the benefits of children in Canada. He impresses upon readers that it is their responsibility as members of the society to bring up children by outlining some assumptions. By comparing Canadian children to others in different countries, he opens the eyes of those who assume that children in Canada are protected from lacking anything and that they fair better than others. He defends the National Child Benefit from the criticism of journalists and politicians. The author points out the benefits, development, and cost that the organization has assisted in, including its contributions to a recipient's income. He further states that the government chose an inferior policy, the Universal Child Care Benefit, while scaling back on the NCB. His main shortcoming is that he cites most of his works and is the primary writer of over half the sources in his bibliography. He could stre ngthen his argument by drawing from other sources that relate to his research. He does not offer useful sources for his work as the government documents he uses are already available to parents. MLA Format Example Bernard, Kevin. "The Impact and Evolution of Child Benefits.". Ed. Catherine and R.Brian Howard. Bernard closely studies government documents and his research to come up with conclusions on child benefit programs in Canada. He uses assumptions that people accept fundamentally to argue that all members of the society should contribute to the upbringing of a child. In comparison, Canada is not doing as well as people would like to think when it comes to the protection of children. According to him, the National Child Benefit did not deserve the criticism it got from both journalists and politicians. Bernard points out the benefits that NCB has brought to the society in general as well as individuals. According to him, it's the government's fault for scaling down on NCB and preferring the Universal Child Care Benefit which is the inferior policy. However, half of the sources he sites in his bibliography are his own, making his conclusion weak. He should at least include references from other authors to make his essay stronger. There is a chapter that gives a thorough analysis of go vernment-funded assistance offered to parents, making it a valuable source. It assists in examining the financial reality of poverty that Canadian children are facing. Conclusion Before embarking on the journey of writing, a student should be familiar with what is an annotated bibliography. When you use an annotated bibliography, it helps you become a better researcher. It challenges you to go through the source material carefully and then come up with an insightful summary of the same. You will also be required to state the arguments that the author raises using your own words thus improving you paraphrasing technique. An annotated bibliography saves you a lot of time, although going through each source, reading all the information contained in them, and making annotations sounds tiresome. Once you complete your annotated bibliography, it remains in your mind, and you never have to read through the entire source material again. You can also use free annotated bibliography maker available online. The information that you have read can be used in future assignments as you are now conversant with most of the content, hence, it becomes easier and faster writing your article. Feel free to use the annotated bibliography example provided in this article.

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Conclusion for the thesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conclusion for the thesis - Essay Example However, rural areas of the world are lacking behind the modern world, in terms of growth as well as learning due to lack of exposure to the internet. This paper is seeks to examine the solutions to the rural sectors of the world with this regard. Since using a cable is far too expensive as well as complex, we will study the use of an antenna instead. An antenna is not only inexpensive, but also very easy to install and use, as well as covers a greater area as compared to the cable. An antenna can make WLAN, WMAN, WPAN as well as WWAN very easy to use. Before I start my paper, it is essential to know certain properties of antennas, to get familiar with certain terms in the rest of my paper. An antenna has four different properties. The properties are as follows: If the antenna is perpendicular to the wire, it is radiating electricity at its maximum. In case the pattern of the radiation is vertical to the whip, it could be labeled as omnidirectional. In case the whip is slightly tilted, the signal minimum, also known as the ‘null’ tends to disappear. The reason why the radiation pattern is important is because one needs to ensure that in the desired direction of communication, the null is not existent. Polarization refers to the orientation of the communication system. In case other antennas in a similar structure are oriented similarly, they are regarded as having similar polarization. In case the whip is vertical, while the antenna has a horizontal polarization, the communication pattern would not be very effective. One of the most essential concerns that would arise during this procedure would involve how well the power is transmitted to the antenna. In case the antenna’s circuit is able to carry a load of 50 ohm, the antenna needs to have an ‘impedance’ of at least 50 ohms in order to maximize its results. An antenna is essentially an electronic device that converts the

Local Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Local Policy - Essay Example (Ulin,2002) They believe that a diverse group of people fosters an environment conducive to creativity, productivity and high performance that affords each individual the opportunity to reach their fullest potential. Proper facilitation and administration provides leverage to the diversity of America as a competitive advantage in the global aspect that they face and to make America a better place to live and prosper for immigrants such as the Irish. Diversity in the workforce has contributed to the emergence of awareness and acceptance of employees from different races, ages and gender. Women are now more involved in different sectors and has made notable contributions as well. The traditional notion that women should be limited to the four corners of the house with the ultimate position as a housewife is now long gone. Single or married women, with or without kids, are continuously striving to flourish their own career profiles for their self-fulfillment and also to help in the financial capacity of the household. Gender discrimination can still be an issue but not as progressive as it previously was. However, working women are still subject to stereotypes and biases for some of them may be possible victims of prejudice and bias. Most companies have the tendency to hire and retain working women w... Most companies have the tendency to hire and retain working women who are still single and without any kids. Ideally, they believe that these single women have fewer responsibilities to fulfill for they are free from the familial problems that arise from arguments with husbands or kids getting sick. This can be an issue for this notion is somewhat subjective and does not really apply to all for there are still working mothers and wives who are able to do their jobs very well. Being a mother is already a huge responsibility and being a wife in another tedious task. However having multiple roles to perform outside the workplace may hinder or permit these working women to perform and stay at par with the single women in the workforce. The City of Los Angeles shall work toward implementing the principles of CEDAW to ensure the protection of human rights, including the elimination of discrimination against women and girls. (Willard, 1991) The impact on the criminal justice system is that in undertaking the enforcement of this Ordinance, the City of Los Angeles is assuming an undertaking only to promote the general welfare. It is not assuming, nor is it imposing on its officers and employees, an obligation, the breach of which creates any liability in money damages to any person who claims that the breach proximately caused injury. This ordinance does not create any private cause of action. (Ordinance 175735). The Commission on the Status of Women developed guidelines regarding gender analysis. Each department reports annually to the Commission on the Status of Women, in accordance with the established guidelines, on how it is implementing the provisions of CEDAW and