My Professional Contribution in a Leadership Role A...

Describe your most substantial professional contribution in which you exercised a significant leadership role in furthering the public good One of the proudest moments of my life was being invited to become part of the board of directors of an organization in Bolivia designed to promote womens educational opportunities. The organization is called Lidia Gueiler, the name of the interim president of Bolivia from 1979-1980. Gueiler is thus far Bolivias only female leader. She was a tireless advocate for womens rights, despite the short duration of her leadership and the fact she was forced to leave the country soon afterward because of political instability. Even outside of her native Bolivia, she used her public persona to draw attention to the cause of womens rights in Latin America. As a result of my writings on womens and childrens rights and my prominence in the field of importing and exporting of Fair Trade goods from Latin America I was selected to this position. My service is fo unded upon my belief that the education of women is profoundly important in furthering the health not only of individuals but also of the planet. When women are educated, they tend to have fewer children and are able to make a greater investment in the health and future of the children they choose to have. Bolivia has the highest rate of maternal mortality in the region, except for Haiti and the lowest rate of prenatal care in all of Latin America: only 52 percent of Bolivian womenShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Nurse Leader With Advocacy1170 Words   |  5 Pages Combining Nurse Leader With Advocacy Introduction The focus of this paper is to expatiate on the role of nurse leader in advocacy and their responsibilities in the transformation of the health care in today’s industry. 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Educatorsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ Guide to the Early Years Learning Framework for Australia states that â€Å"OmissionsRead MoreReflective Essay Management1486 Words   |  6 Pageswere to offer my thoughts and ideas on what company should be chosen and where would be best to research and investigate to create a positive outcome. â€Å"The ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute towards the effectiveness and success of the organisations of which they are members† ( House et al 2004) Belbin (1993) identified that team members have preferred roles when working in a team setting At this stage according to Belbins team role theory I believeRead MoreServant Leadership Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesServant Leadership What is it? The phrase â€Å"Servant Leadership† was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as a Leader, an essay he first published in 1970 (What is servant, ). The servant leader serves first, while aspiring to lead second. The servant leader serves the people that he or she leads, implying employees are an end in themselves rather than a means to organizational purpose or bottom-line. Servant leadership is meant to replace a command and control, top-down, model of managementRead MoreReflective Account on Role as a Student in Higher Education and as a Future Health Practitioner1716 Words   |  7 Pages Essential Skills Reflection Name Institution Essential Skills Reflection For a nurse, higher education at the University of West London (UWL) has offered me a broader knowledge base that I will be able to apply to improve nursing care outcomes concerning patient care, quality standards, and other nursing skills. In this respect, graduating from a nursing program will offer me the opportunity to be a better healthcare practitioner and work within teams for the best outcomes. 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I have a fondness to work in consulting or in financial services that would later position me for the dream job I desire. By obtaining quality academic education in business administration, I want to develop within a scope of a top financial firm. I want to become a merger and acquisitionRead MoreReflection And Reflection Of Budgeting1363 Words   |  6 PagesREFLECTIONS AND SYNTHESIS of COURSES and INTERNSHIP When reflecting on the individual courses, I had very little application and experience in the actual budgeting process. I learned the most NEW information in the finance class. I knew how to do a budget and understood basic functions of input and output and even some basic formulas. The qualitative functions of the budget were the most interesting and certainly explained many decisions made over the past many years in reference to buildingRead MoreTraining Authority Maritime Warfare ( Tamw ) Essay2263 Words   |  10 Pagessuccess of people undertaking a new role or new within the organisation altogether. As a means of introduction to my workplace the Boatswains Faculty, which is a sub organisation of Training Authority Maritime Warfare (TAMW) within the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) new staff go through an induction period to ensure they hold the necessary knowledge and skills to teach. Throughout this essay, I will refer to correspondence with a mentee, mentor and supervisor with in my workplace. I have changed the namesRead MoreThe Gibbs Reflective Cycle Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagescritical reflection is required to identify developmental goals and effect change, indirectly improving healthcare. This essay will use the Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle (Gibbs, 1988) to analyse my role and contributions to the completion of an Action Learning Set (ALS) group task and will reflect on my communication and professional team working skills. We were divided into ALS groups and tasked with creating a group seminar presentation on leadership, management and team working in professional practice

Shakespeare †Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 1 Analysis Free Essays

Romeo and Juliet Coursework In Act 3 Scene 1 of Romeo Juliet, Shakespeare raises the excitement and the tension throughout the scene by using dramatic tension between the characters, provocative and threatening dialogue, strong language effects, and sharp vital violence. The scene begins with Benvolio and Mercutio coming on to stage, with Benvolio suggesting they should go home in case they meet the Capulets and the violence ensues. â€Å"The day is hot, the Capels are abroad, And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl, for now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring. We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare – Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 1 Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now This pathetic fallacy and strong image of mad blood creates an expectation in the audience of violent events to come. This expectation seems to be met fulfilled quickly as Tybalt enters with other members of the Capulet family and some servants and immediately a dramatic tension is established between the two factions. We are shown that Mercutio is in a difficult frame of mind. â€Å" ‘By my head here comes the Capulets’ ‘By my heel, I care not. ’ † Clearly Mercutio is in an aggressive mood. Tybalt addresses Mercutio and Benvolio. ‘Gentlemen, good den, a word with one of you’ † Up to this point, Tybalt is courteous – his quarrel is with Romeo, not with Benvolio or Mercutio. However Mercutio is extremely provocatice and he responds to Tybalt, asking a word with one of them with, â€Å"Make it a word and a blow. † The audience feels there is a fight in prospect. When Tybalt says that Mercutio consorts with Romeo, Mercut io sees an insult where there is none. â€Å"Consort? what, dost thou make us minstrels? an thou make minstrels of us, look to hear nothing but discords: here’s my fiddlestick; here’s that shall make you dance. Zounds, consort! † A gentleman cannot accept being compared to a lowly musician, but this is not what Tybalt meant and the audience feel expectation of fear and violence. Now Romeo enters, and now the focus of the tension shifts as a dramatic tension is established between Romeo and Tybalt. Tybalt says to Mercutio: â€Å"Well, peace be with you sir, here comes my man. † It is strange that Tybalt is prepared to swallow such provocation from Mercutio, just as Romeo will soon swallow his. Tybalt puts Romeo in a situation in which almost no gentleman could refuse to fight. â€Å"Thou art a villain. † he says but Romeo does not respond with aggression. Now a new element of intrigue and excitement comes with a kind of dramatic irony. The audience knows why Romeo does not want to fight Tybalt –they have just become relatives- but the other characters do not know. Romeo seems quite unmanly when instead of fighting Tybalt for his honour he swallows the insult, saying â€Å"I do protest I never injuried thee, But loved thee better than thou canst devise. Again the audience knows, can â€Å"devise†, the reason, but Mercutio sees it as cowardice. Now the excitement moves up a notch as Mercutio starts the violence and we are to have the sword fight the audience has been expecting. Mercutio condemns Romeo’s peaceful ways. â€Å"O calm, dishonourable, vile submission! Alla stoccata carries it away. (Draws) Tybalt, you rat-catcher, will you walk? â₠¬  The ‘vile submission’ shows what a humiliation Mercutio believes Romeo is accepting; the insult ‘rat catcher’ makes it almost certain Tybalt will have to fight. Now the sword play begins, and the audience not only have the excitement and great dramatic action of two fighters trying to kill each other but also the sight of Romeo trying to stop the fight for the reasons only he and the audience know. With a tragic irony it is Romeo’s efforts to separate the two men that give Tybalt the chance to stab Mercutio, a friend of Romeo’s on the Montague’s side. Now the audience has put in suspense wondering whether Mercutio is going to die or not. Romeo raises their hopes that he may live. (â€Å"Courage man, the hurt cannot be much. ); but Mercutio seems to know that he is a dead man. â€Å"A plague o’ both your houses! They have made worms’ meat of me: I have it, And soundly too: your houses! † The dramatic and terrifying image of worm’s meat makes Mercutio’s last words very powerful; and his cursing of the Capulets and the Montagues shows that he blames their useless feud for his death. The s cene now takes another turn as Romeo puts aside all thought of peace, and becomes warlike. Benvolio tells him that Mercutio is dead, and Romeo decides on revenge in spite of his marriage to Juliet. This day’s black fate on more days doth depend; This but begins the woe, others must end† The audience is put on more suspense with this foreboding of more strife and death. Tybalt returns, perhaps to continue his quarrel with Romeo but strangely this time, alone and Romeo resolves on violence. â€Å"Away to heaven, respective lenity, And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now! † With the passion of this language and the dramatic tension once again onstage between Romeo and Tybalt, the scene approaches its climax. Tybalt declares that he will send Romeo’s soul after Mercutio’s. â€Å"Thou, wretched boy, that didst consort him here, Shalt with him hence. † The audience understand that either Tybalt or Romeo must die. Now we have the second sword fight in this scene and this is the climax. As Romeo kills Tybalt he takes his revenge for Mercutio’s death, he gets rid of his main enemy in the Capulet camp, and he puts his relationship with the love of his life in grave danger – this is the peak of the excitement and tension. Now Shakespeare lets the audience relax a little as Benvolio explains what has happened and the Prince orders Romeo exile but not death. From foreboding at the very beginning of the scene to mortal insults and provocation, to sword fighting and death, to the audience’s realization that something terribly wrong has happened to Romeo and Juliet’s romance Shakespeare uses a wide range of dramatic and language devices to make the scene one of the exciting and enormous tension. How to cite Shakespeare – Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 1 Analysis, Papers

Strategic Business International Marketing

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Business International Marketing. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on the analysis of an Asian country suitable for market expansion for a telecommunication organization implementing wireless technology solution. Before expanding business through invading a new market, the organizational management should undertake a proper analysis of the business environment of the newly invading market, whether there is scope or opportunity for the organization or not. In this report, an Australia based SME has shown interest for expanding its market through Asia. Asia is the largest and most populous continent in the world (Jobber and Ellis-Chadwick 2012). Thus, to expand through this continent, an SME should begin its market expansion through such a country that has a wide range of opportunity for the organization. India is one of the second most populous and developing countries. Telecommunication is one of the largest parts of Indias business industry, contributing significantly to its economy. However, a thorough analysis of its business e nvironment along with the external environment is needed. This report will include an in-depth analysis of political, economic, demographic and business market along with the opportunity for a telecommunication SME to expand its market based on wireless technology. Finally, recommendations for required action should also be provided based on the current market in the country. Economic overview India has been ranked seventh-largest country in terms of economy throughout the world, which is considered by nominal GDP and it is the third-largest country by purchasing power parity (PPP). Terpstra et al. (2012) reported that, India is considered as a newly industrialized country. The country has its average growth rate approximately 7 % through last two decades. India has a positive long-term economic growth prospective due to health savings and investment rates, its young population and related low dependency ratio along with increasing integration of the country into the global economy. Main industries that contribute in Indian gross economy include software, telecommunication, chemicals, petroleum, chemicals, mining, textiles, steel, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, machinery, cement, lather, construction and transportation equipments. Indias economy development was based on socialist-inspired policies after achieving independence. It has been argued by Rosenbloom (2012) Indian political economy was changed rapidly with economy liberalization in 1990s. The political economy of this country has transformed into a market based system. India is the second fastest growing major economy after china. New restructured forms led to simplification of international trade and investment, inflation control and tax reforms. While analyzing current economic situation in India, a growth rate or GDP for 2016-17 has been estimated to be 7 to 7.5%, representing a good indication for Indian economy. Best (2012) revealed that India has a significantly high percentage gross saving per capita, approximately 31% of total GDP (Ferrell and Hartline 2012). India is considered as one of the largest domestic consumers for self consumption. However, one of its major concern areas is trade balance gap. However, Make in India initiative and low fuel price manage this gap in near future. On the other hand, interest rate in India is higher, when compared to other developed countries. Indian currency Rupees is important, as it is highly preferable currency in international trade. Moreover, it is a technically rich country with the second largest pool of scientist and engineers throughout the world. Thus, there is no doubt that the country has a high desire to develop further with a lot of opportunities. Telecommunication is such a sector in India that is considered as leading contributors to flourishing economy of the country. Indian Ministry of Communications and Information Technology reported that since last 3 years, the telecom opportunities in India have grown 20 to 40 % every year, having fourth rank in telecom industry (Meissner 2012). Thus, it can be a suitable opportunity for the SME to explore the growing telecom market. Political environment analysis The basic structure of Indian government involve three different level, central government, state government and local government, each of these three levels has three different roles, which are legislature, executive and judiciary. India is a multiparty democracy, with 29 states and 7 union territories. States have own laws governing the state based on the requirements. At centre, executive include president, vice-president and council of minister, which is directed by the prime minister (Griffin and Pustay 2012). The parliament, Union Legislature has two houses Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha and the judiciary is powered by Supreme Court of India. Indian politics is rougher compared to Europe and North America. The political parties are either a National party or a state party. Separation of powers in different levels ensures that no one can abuse power. Indian government is generally stable instead of corruption and diversity in politics. The economic boom is raising regional stability by boosting living standard. Currently or in near future Indian government is not under any threat to be collapsed. However, foreign investors should look into some challenges or risks of doing business in India. Business foundations revealed local social and cultural barriers to direct selling. A number of foreign investors have reported that several external events negatively affect the commercial feasibility of asset and future business plan of India. Corruption and bureaucratic inefficiency are a key challenge, fluctuation in inflation, interest and currency rates, unexpected delays and cost overruns as a result of overlapping governmental jurisdiction. Lack of preparation and understanding of the Indian culture can be a significant hindrance. Patience is required for the employers to start business in India. Another common risk is changing or unpredictable regulations (Lee et al. 2012). The economic risk for the organization to do business in India involves inflation and lack of economic discipline at government level. Thus, foreign company should look into exchange rate risk and interest rat e risks in India. Corruption is a significant challenge for companies investing in India. However, India has significant regulatory structure for fighting corruption. Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) is governing corruption in India; facilitation payment is illegal under PCA in India. Economic and business environment analysis India has a population of 1.3 billion, achieving the second rank as most populous country in the world, which is approximately one fifth of entire worlds population. Population growth rate of the country is 1.2%. 50 % of the population is below 25 years with a dependency ratio of 0.4. Within the entire population, 31.2 % 0-14 years old, 63.6 % 15-64 years old and 5.3 % constitute the population 65 years or more, showing a developing country (Singh 2012). Life expectancy is 68.89 years with 19.3 birth rate and 7.3 death rates. Instead of rapid urbanization in this country, approximately 70 % Indian lives in rural area. A survey revealed within 1.2 billion people, 68.84 % is rural and 31.16 % is urban population with 31.16 % urbanization level in 2011. 21.2% population below the poverty line earns $1.9 per day. The average GDP per capita income is $5138, with variation in different territories. In terms of rupee, per capita income increased by 10.4% in 2013-14 period (Goyal and Tripathy 2012). However, there is a significant gap in rural and urban wealth distribution and income rate. It has been seen cities and towns make two-third of GDP. However, government undertook steps for bridging urban-rural gap. The country exports $272.4 billion in software, pharmaceuticals, textile, chemicals, leather, jwellery, transportation, petrochemicals, agriculture and other commodities. Key export partners are EU, US, UAE, China and Hong Kong. India has an inflation rate of 5.05% and labor force of 502.1 million. Average gross salary is $1.46 per hour (Goyal and Tripathy 2012). The country has 74.03 % literacy rate, but males are dominant in this context. India has 130 ranks in ease-of-doing-business. Currency exchange rate of INR to AUD is 0.019 61.Total labor force is 502.1 million. There is significant level of skilled labors available in India. The Market environment Indian telecommunication industry has a growing prospect with growing sales figure and a flourishing telecommunication market with the use of wireless products. Indian government is continuously giving efforts for boosting up Indian electronic industry and attracting foreign investors in this sector. Wireless technology has a wide range of prospect in Indian market, as it is becoming more popular in every sector and it is making things easy to perform. The product has a significant role in rural development in India. India consist a world-class wireless network and it is continuously evolving. There is a wide scope if innovation in Indian telecommunication services, which is attractive to foreign investors. Wireless technology is one of the most popular technologies in India, with wider availability and usage, however, innovative technology such as Lifi can be a significant competitor, as it much faster than wireless technology, but implementation rate is lower as it is highly expens ive (Meissner, 2012). Mostly digital media, television, radio, asocial media and news are the chief advertising media used in India for promoting a product. The telecommunication network of India is worlds second largest network. The product has significant potential in the market, as it has significant usage in India, compared to its competitive products. The product will be targeted on especially the young generation, though it is used irrespective of age or functional area. The target market will be government sectors initially and private organizations later. Initially, the product will be adopted by government and then local retailers will be involved in distribution channel. Final recommendation and conclusion Finally, after researching the Indian market for telecommunication network, it is recommended to the Australian employer to get knowledge about Indian culture and not to mix it with China culture. In addition, it is recommended that as the market for telecommunication is evolving, as a beginner, it may take some time for the Australian SME to be familiar with Indian market, thus patience is needed. In addition, the company should follow international and national regulations for foreign business. For understanding the market, in-depth training should be provided to the host country based employees, which is very important for business success. Before starting the business, a risk analysis should be done and evaluation is necessary in each step for getting success. Reference List Jobber, D. and Ellis-Chadwick, F., 2012. Principles and practice of marketing(No. 7th). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Terpstra, V., Foley, J. and Sarathy, R., 2012. International marketing. Naper Press. Rosenbloom, B., 2012. Marketing channels. Cengage Learning. Best, R., 2012. Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. Ferrell, O.C. and Hartline, M., 2012. Marketing strategy, text and cases. Nelson Education. Meissner, H.G., 2012. Strategic international marketing. Springer Science Business Media. Griffin, R.W. and Pustay, M.W., 2012. International business. Pearson Higher Ed. Lee, K., Mani, S. and Qing, M.U., 2012. Explaining divergent stories of catch-up in the telecommunication equipment industry in Brazil, China, India, and Korea. Economic Development as a Learning Process: Variation Across Sectoral Systems, p.21. Singh, S., 2012. Digital Divide in India: Measurement, Determinants and. Digital Economy Innovations and Impacts on Society, 11(20.1), p.106. Goyal, D. and Tripathy, M.R., 2012, January. Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey. In 2012 Second International Conference on Advanced Computing Communication Technologies (pp. 474-480). IEEE.

Ocean pollution research paper Essays - Ocean Pollution,

Ocean pollution research paper Natalie OBrien English 1A Dr. Walters The Dead Connection The land is an abundant source of flora and fauna which coexist in nature to obtain and depend on each resource that the land as to offer. All these organisms have learned to coexist with one another except for one, mankind. We have become a powerful force of destruction to nature because we were taught by one another that nature is to be a tamed commodity. We see nature as something we must overcome in order to sustain life on this planet. In fact, taming nature will become the destruction of all mankind. We must lead a life of recognition and appreciation of the land and all that it provides. To be able to maintain existence on our earth, humans must live on this earth recognizing that our destructive treatment of our land must come to end by reconnecting and restoring a better relationship with the land. Restoration with nature is a timely process that can take decades to recover from. Humans must take small steps that will make big changes towards the future of how we live on this earth. The process of reconnecting with nature not only begins on land, but also with the ocean. Humans maintain the idea that the ocean is too massive and resilient for anything to harm it. That idea that ocean is indestructible has met its end. The biggest enemy to our ocean is pollution. Ocean pollution is a big problem that has consequences of damaging marine life, and effecting humans as well. Ocean pollution occurs when waste products or other substances, such as microorganisms, chemicals, or sewage, change the physical, thermal, chemical or biological characteristics of the water. This affects living species and reducing the water's beneficial uses. Unfortunately, humans are the major contributors to the pollution of our ocean. Things such as plastic waste, sewage, and contamination of marine life is all apart of this major issue of ocean pollution. One major contributor is industrial sediments such as household products, automotive products contain harmful products that run back to the ocean. This is harmful to marine communities and to marine animals. Chemicals such as PCBs are harmful to both wildlife and humans. These chemicals have damaging effects on the neurological, and immune systems of both wild life and humans. A 2008 study in the journal Science reports,40 percent of the seas are heavily impacted, while only 4 percent remain pristine. Coastal sprawl and loss of habitat are also reducing our ability to restore our seas. Add to this the effects of fossil-fuel-fired climate change-including warming, rising seas, polar melting, and ocean acidification that make it harder for shell-forming critters from krill to corals to survive -- and its understandable why some leading marine scientists have begun to despair. Reports like this are devastating and alarming to read. H umans must realize that we are the number one contributor to the oceans pollution. There is only one ocean, and we must restore a better connection with the most vital and ONLY water source we have. Understanding our unfortunate part in ocean pollution will be the first solution to rewind from the damage humans have started in order to sustain life on this very planet. Humans have natural tendencies of wanting to be connected through technology. Social media, text messages, and the internet are just a few ways humans have to be connected to each other. But what about having a connected relationship to nature? Oddly enough, a society that has many ways of being connected has lost a connection to the foundation of life, the land. The land represents every aspect of nature including the ocean. Thousands of years ago, the ways humans maintained connection to each other was through the sea. The ocean was a vast interconnection between land and sea that humans used as a vessel of exploration. In todays world, the ocean has turned into a sea of plastic waste. Plastic is hazardous to both our wildlife but also to seafood that humans consume on a daily basis. Plastic is a major problem because plastic, unlike other materials, never degrades. We must help to reduce our usage of plastic for the sake and

Definition and Examples of a Persona in Literature

Definition and Examples of a Persona in Literature A persona is a voice or mask that an author, speaker, or performer puts on for a particular purpose. Plural: personae or personas. Persona comes from the Latin word meaning mask, and may also be referred to as an implied author or an artificial author. Author Katherine Anne Porter explained the relation between writing style and persona: A cultivated style would be like a mask. Everybody knows its a mask, and sooner or later you must show yourself - or at least, you show yourself as someone who could not afford to show himself, and so created something to hide behind (Writers at Work, 1963). Similarly, essayist E.B. White observed that writing is a form of imposture. Im not at all sure I am anything like the person I seem to a reader. Various Observations on Persona [L]ike the I of the lyric and of the real and invented autobiography, the I of the essayist is a mask.(Joseph P. Clancy, The Literary Genres in Theory and Practice. College English, April 1967)The artful I of an essay can be as chameleon as any narrator in fiction.(Edward Hoagland, What I Think, What I Am)He who speaks is not he who writes, and he who writes is not he who is.†(Roland Barthes, quoted by Arthur Krystal in Except When I Write. Oxford University Press, 2011)You may rely on it that you have the best of me in my books, and that I am not worth seeing personally - the stuttering, blundering, clod-hopper that I am.(Henry David Thoreau, letter to Calvin H. Greene, February 10, 1856)Writing is a form of imposture. Im not at all sure I am anything like the person I seem to a reader. . . .[T]he man on paper is always a more admirable character than his creator, who is a miserable creature of nose colds, minor compromises, and sudden flights into nobility. . . . I suppose r eaders who feel friendly toward someone whose work they like seldom realize that they are drawn more toward a set of aspirations than toward a human being.(E.B. White, Letters of E.B. White, ed. by Dorothy Lobrano Guth. Harper, 1976) [T]he person in a personal essay is a written construct, a fabricated thing, a character of sortsthe sound of its voice a byproduct of carefully chosen words, its recollection of experience, its run of thought and feeling, much tidier than the mess of memories, thoughts, and feelings arising in ones consciousness. . . . Indeed, when personal essayists write about self-embodiment in the essay, they often acknowledge an element of fabrication or of artful impersonation.(Carl H. Klaus, The Made-Up Self: Impersonation in the Personal Essay. University of Iowa Press, 2010) Perlman on Person and Persona Persona is the Latin word for the masks used in the Greek drama. It meant that the actor was heard and his identity recognized by others through the sounds that issued from the open mask mouth. From it the word person emerged to express the idea of a human being who meant something, who represented something, and who seemed to have some defined connectedness with others by action or affects. (We still use person to connote this: we say of an infant who begins to show awareness of self in relation to others, Hes becoming a person.) A person makes himself known, felt, taken in by others, through his particular roles and their functions. Some of his personae - his masks - are readily detachable and put aside, but others become fused with his skin and bone.(Helen Harris Perlman, Persona: Social Role and Personality. University of Chicago Press, 1986) Hemingway's Public Persona According to those who knew him well, Hemingway was a sensitive, often shy man whose enthusiasm for life was balanced by his ability to listen intently . . . That was not the Hemingway of the news stories. The media wanted and encouraged a brawnier Hemingway, a two-fisted man whose life was fraught with dangers. The author, a newspaper man by training, was complicit in this creation of a public persona, a Hemingway that was not without factual basis, but also not the whole man. Critics, especially, but the public as well, Hemingway hinted in his 1933 letter to [Maxwell] Perkins, were eager automatically to label Hemingways characters as himself, which helped establish the Hemingway persona, a media-created Hemingway that would shadow - and overshadow - the man and writer.(Michael Reynolds, Hemingway in Our Times. The New York Times, July 11, 1999) Borges and the Other Self It is to my other self, to Borges, that things happen. I walk about Buenos Aires and I pause, almost mechanically, to contemplate the arch of an entry or the portal of a church; news of Borges comes to me in the mail, and I see his name on a short list of professors or in a biographical dictionary. I am fond of hourglasses, maps, 18th-century typography, the etymology of words, the tang of coffee, and the prose of Stevenson; the other one shares these enthusiasms, but in a rather vain, theatrical way. . . .I cannot tell which one of us is writing this page.(Jorge Luis Borges, Borges and I)

Pre-Pottery Neolithic - Farms and Feasts Before Pottery

Pre-Pottery Neolithic - Farms and Feasts Before Pottery The Pre-Pottery Neolithic (abbreviated PPN and often spelled as PrePottery Neolithic) is the name given to the people who domesticated the earliest plants and lived in farming communities in the Levant and Near East. The PPN culture contained most of the attributes we think of Neolithicexcept pottery, which was not used in the Levant until ca. 5500 BC. The designations PPNA and PPNB (for Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and so forth) were first developed by Kathleen Kenyon to use at the complex excavations at Jericho, which is probably the best known PPN site. PPNC, referring to the terminal Early Neolithic was first identified at Ain Ghazal by Gary O. Rollefson. Pre-Pottery Neolithic Chronology PPNA (ca 10,500 to 9,500 BP) Jericho, Netiv Hagdud, Nahul Oren, Gesher, Dhar, Jerf al Ahmar, Abu Hureyra, Gà ¶bekli Tepe, Chogha Golan, BeidhaPPNB (ca 9,500 to 8200 BP) Abu Hureyra, Ain Ghazal, Çatalhà ¶yà ¼k, Cayà ¶nà ¼ Tepesi, Jericho, Shillourokambos, Chogha Golan, Gobekli Tepe PPNC (ca 8200 to 7500 BP) Hagoshrim, Ain Ghazal PPN Rituals Ritual behavior during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic is quite remarkable, indicated by the presence of large human figurines at sites such as Ain Ghazal, and plastered skulls at Ain Ghazal, Jericho, Beisomoun and Kfar HaHoresh. A plastered skull was made by modeling a plaster replica of skin and features onto a human skull. In some cases, cowry shells were used for eyes, and sometimes they were painted using cinnabar or other iron-rich elements. Monumental architecturelarge buildings constructed by the community for use as gathering spaces for those communities and allied peoplehad its very first beginnings in the PPN, at sites such as  Nevali Çori and Hallan Çemi; hunter-gatherers of the PPN also constructed the significant site of  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Gà ¶bekli Tepe, an apparently nonresidential structure built for ritual gathering purposes. Crops of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Crops domesticated during the PPN include the founder crops: the cereals (einkorn and emmer wheat and barley), the pulses (lentil, pea, bitter vetch, and chickpea), and a fiber crop (flax). Domesticated forms of these crops have been excavated at sites such as Abu Hureyra, Cafer Hà ¼yà ¼k, Cayà ¶nà ¼ and Nevali Çori. In addition, the sites of Gilgal and Netiv Hagdud have produced some evidence supporting the domestication of fig trees during the PPNA. Animals domesticated during the PPNB include sheep, goats, and possibly  cattle. Domestication as a Collaborative Process? A recent study at the site of Chogha Golan in Iran (Riehl, Zeidi and Conard 2013) has provided information concerning the apparently wide-spread and perhaps collaborative nature of the domestication process. Based on the exception preservation of the botanical remains, the researchers were able to compare the Chogha Golan assemblage to other PPN sites from all over the Fertile Crescent and extending into Turkey, Israel and Cyprus, and have concluded that there might very well have been inter-regional information and crop flow, which might account for the nearly simultaneous invention of agriculture in the region. In particular, they note that crop domestication of seed plants (such as emmer and einkorn wheat  and barley) seems to have arisen throughout the region at the same time, leading the Tà ¼bingen-Iranian Stone Age Research Project (TISARP) to conclude that inter-regional information flow must have occurred. Sources This Guide to Prehistory is part of the About.com Guide to the Neolithic and the Guide to European Prehistory. Garrard AN, and Byrd BF. 2013. Beyond the Fertile Crescent: Late Palaeolithic and Neolithic Communities of the Jordanian Steppe. The Azraq Basin Project. Oxford: Oxbow Press.Goren Y, Goring-Morris AN, and Segal I. 2001. The Technology of Skull Modelling in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB): Regional Variability, the Relation of Technology and Iconography and their Archaeological Implications. Journal of Archaeological Science 28(7):671-690.Haber A, and Dayan T. 2004. Analyzing the process of domestication: Hagoshrim as a case study. Journal of Archaeological Science 31(11):1587-1601.Hardy-Smith T, and Edwards PC. 2004. The Garbage Crisis in prehistory: artefact discard patterns at the Early Natufian site of Wadi Hammeh 27 and the origins of household refuse disposal strategies. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 23(3):253-289.Kuijt I. 2000. People and Space in Early Agricultural Villages: Exploring Daily Lives, Community Size, and Architecture in the Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 19(1):75-102. Lev-Yadun S, Abbo S, and Doebley J. 2002. Wheat, rye, and barley on the cob? Nature Biotechnology 20(4):337-338.Pinhasi R, and Pluciennik M. 2004. A Regional Biological Approach to the Spread of Farming in Europe: Anatolia, the Levant, South-Eastern Europe, and the Mediterranean. Current Anthropology 45(S4):S59-S82.Riehl S, Pustovoytov K, Weippert H, Klett S, and Hole F. 2014. Drought stress variability in ancient Near Eastern agricultural systems evidenced by d13C in barley grain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111(34):12348-12353.Riehl S, Zeidi M, and Conard NJ. 2013. Emergence of agriculture in the foothills of the Zagros mountains of Iran. Science 341:65-67.

Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome Term Paper

Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome - Term Paper Example In simple terms, this means that it cannot officially be diagnosed via scientific methods and thus as a result it has been the subject of much controversy between the supporters of its existence and the opposing side that demand proof of its presence (Hornor, 2010). The Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome can be described as the way in which a child who is undergoing sexual abuse responds to the situation (Walsh & DiLillo, 2011). This includes their behavior and reaction to facing such a travesty and is considered to behind the manner in which an abused child will act in various scenarios (Kogan, 2005). The Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome attempts to understand the thinking of a child who may be suffer through such abuse in a means to understand why they behave in the manner that they do, and it has been included in a number of court cases as a means of presenting proof that a child was abused (Kogan, 2005). Summit claimed that this syndrome consists of five stages th at a child who is being abused goes through and they include: Secrecy – This is the tendency for the child to keep what they are going through to themselves and avoid telling others especially authority figures. This can be said to as a result of a number of emotions that the child may be experiencing at that point in time that prevents them from working up the nerve to tell somebody about what is happening to them (Crosson-Tower, 2008). These emotions can include feelings like shame and embarrassment of what is going on and in many cases fear as well as the perpetrator is more likely to threaten them about disclosing what is happening to them. Helplessness – This is the second stage of CSAAS and it is where the abused child feels powerless to stop what is happening to them (Hornor, 2010). In many cases, the individual who is abusing the child is usually in a position of power, either authoritative or physical in nature which makes the child feel like they cannot do an ything to stop what is happening to them. As a result, the feeling of helplessness over the situation creeps up inside the victim (Crosson-Tower, 2008). Entrapment and accommodation – In this stage the abused child will more than likely try to deal with the situation in the best way possible and that is via accommodation of their suffering (Hornor, 2010). This may be in the form of the child making excuses for what is happening to them such as that it as a result of the fact that they have done something bad and are being punished for it (Crosson-Tower, 2008). This occurs as a result of the growth of a feeling of entrapment that rises as a bye product of the helplessness that they feel in the second stage (Walsh & DiLillo, 2011). It can be said that this is a consequence of the development of an emotional coping mechanism that helps them get through the ordeal. Delayed Disclosure – In this stage the child finally works up the courage to tell somebody what is happening to them, but this occurs after they have gone through the ordeal for a period of time (Crosson-Tower, 2008). The reason for delayed disclosure can be said to be as a result of the fact that it takes some time before a child is able to work up the nerve to tell someone about what is going as a result of the feeling of helplessness that occurs in the second stage (Hornor, 2010). It usually occurs after the child can no longer take what is going on